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 [原来这里可以灌水的] Ten Do’s and Don’ts for Your Résumé |
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作者：Anonymous 在 众议院 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
Ten Do’s and Don’ts for Your Résumé
The Do’s
1. Place your strongest material in the two-inch visual space that begins about 2 5/8 inches from the top of your résumé. Make sure you include your most impressive, impactful achievements and qualifications in this "primetime" space. It’s where the reader’s eyes will focus first.
2. Use a professional profile or qualifications section in your résumé’s primetime space to give the employer a quick but concrete capsule of your achievements and skills. Write it when the rest of your résumé is complete and you’ve already decided what your strongest qualifications are.
3. Give the most weight to your most recent (past ten to fifteen years) professional position. The section of the résumé for your most recent position should contain more bulleted accomplishments than your previous positions. For each position, rank the accomplishments in order of decreasing relevance to the employer you are targeting.
4. Quantify your impact on the organizations you have worked for. If you reduced expenses, say by how much or by what percentage. If you supervised a project, say how many were on your team. Always ask yourself how you helped the organization, and insert the numbers that demonstrate that impact.
5. Pay as much attention to your résumé’s design as you do to its content. Use bullets or other appropriate symbols, insert rules (horizontal lines) to separate major sections, and use a 10-to-12-point conservative typeface for the body text of the résumé. Aim for 1-inch side margins and slightly smaller top and bottom margins.
6. Include publications, patents, presentations, honors, relevant volunteer experiences, and professional licenses or certifications in your résumé, particularly if they are relevant to the position you seek. These "extras" can sometimes be the factor that wins you the interview.
7. Edit and proofread mercilessly. Edit your résumé to reduce fluff and make every word count. Set your résumé aside for a few days and then come back to it again with "fresh eyes." Misspelled words and grammatical mistakes are the proverbial kiss of death in a résumé. Eliminate them.
8. Place your education after your experience if you’ve been in the workforce for more than five years. If the degree you earned is the most relevant or impressive detail of your education section, highlight it. If the school you attended is the selling point, emphasize it.
9. Use a two-page résumé if appropriate. Two-page résumés are fine (and in some cases, preferable) if you’ve been in the workforce for about ten years or more or have particularly impressive work experience.
10. Mail your résumé in a 9-by-12-inch labeled envelope rather than folded up in a standard No. 10 envelope. The impact and professional image this produces is worth the extra postage.
The Don’ts
1. Don’t make things up or inflate your accomplishments, level of responsibility, or skills.
2. Don’t confuse your résumé with your autobiography. While there are many pieces of information that your résumé must have, its primary purpose is to focus on the aspects of your life and career that address the employer’s needs.
3. Don’t automatically include a separate "objective" line at the beginning of the résumé. If you believe that stating your career objective will improve your chances, then mention the job title you seek in the "Professional Profile" or "Qualifications" section at the beginning of the résumé (see "Do" number 2). More often than not, separate objective lines are too general and take up valuable space at the top of the résumé that could be better used to focus on the skills prospective employers need. Use your cover letter to explain your career objectives.
4. Don’t use pronouns ("I") or articles ("a," "the"). They detract from the force of your accomplishments, slow down the reader, and take up precious space.
5. Don’t provide personal data. Marital status, date of birth, height/weight, and similar non-work-related information can be used to illegally discriminate against applicants, and they rarely add anything of value to your qualifications.
6. Don’t repeat the same action words throughout the résumé. Instead of using the verb developed or led over and over, pull out your thesaurus and mix in terms like accelerated, delivered, directed, established, initiated, or reengineered.
7. Don’t leave out dates. Even if you choose the functional résumé format to minimize frequent job changes or lack of experience, include your dates of employment somewhere on your résumé (usually at the end).
8. Don’t use more detail than you need to convey your accomplishments. Dense, paragraph-sized bullet points make for tough reading. A good rule of thumb is to limit each bullet to one to two lines of text with three to five accomplishments for each position.
9. Don’t use clichéd adjectives like dynamic or self-starting. Let the details of your résumé and cover letter convince the employer that you have these qualities.
10. Don’t make your résumé a list of your job duties — make it a list of your accomplishments! Weave your job responsibilities into your descriptions of your accomplishments.
It’s a hard truth: your résumé will usually be the first and only opportunity most employers have to get to know you and your skills. Because of the volume of résumés they receive, most employers will only give your résumé fifteen seconds to make your case for you. You not only have to make a great first impression — you have to do it fast!
Fortunately, there are many ways to craft a résumé that strategically highlights your skills and makes you and your qualifications stand out from the crowd. The following "Do’s and Don’ts" will help you develop a dynamic, powerful résumé that will enable you to sail through the employer’s initial fifteen-second screening process and earn your outstanding qualifications the closer look they deserve.
Nine Tips for Better Résumés
1. Know your prospective employer’s needs. The best way to convince an executive to offer you a job (next to being the CEO’s golf partner!) is to understand the organization’s needs — its past, its present problems and opportunities, and its future plans. Before starting your résumé, you should learn as much as possible about every organization you hope to interview with. With a little effort, you can learn a lot about even the most closely held firms. First, customize your résumé to reflect the aspects of your background that are most relevant to each organization you target. Then craft a cover letter that wows the employer with your specific knowledge of their needs and goals.
2. Know the position. Generic résumés are sometimes appropriate — for example, when sending a general inquiry to an executive recruiter announcing your availability. Still, the best résumés focus on a specific position and are customized to address it. Behind every job description is a set of clearly discernible employer needs. Without copying the language of the job description verbatim, you must make sure that your résumé addresses those needs, from identifying the job skills and accomplishments most relevant to the position to including the right industry buzzwords and "keywords."
3. Know yourself — your skills and your accomplishments. What skills are you particularly good at? What accomplishments are you proudest of? What have you achieved that gained you the most recognition? Interview yourself and inventory your previous jobs, the skills you acquired, and your "greatest hits" as a professional — the times when you impacted your organization the most. Look through your formal performance reviews for glowing appraisals, scan your work files for successes you may have forgotten about, or keep a personal career folder where you keep track of new skills you’ve learned or the comments of happy customers.
4. Be concrete, specific, quantitative. Don’t say "Developed e-commerce plan that was selected for implementation" when you mean "Designed $5 million e-commerce strategy that increased revenues by 12 percent and attracted six new clients." If you work for a private company and can’t disclose revenue figures, refer to percentage increases or improvements or cite the improved industry ranking of the organization’s product or performance as a result of your contribution. Think of numbers and other hard details as the proof that you can deliver.
5. Know your negatives. The vast majority of us have screwed up once or twice in our careers: been downsized, locked in a dead-end job, or just failed to work to our full potential for a time. You can’t lie about these career plateaus (see Tip No. 7) but you can present them in the best possible light so you have the chance to explain them fully if they come up during the interview. It all starts with your résumé. With the right strategy you can deal with everything from typecasting and job-hopping to limited experience and unemployment.
6. Don’t lie. Making up degrees, accomplishments, and other personal and professional facts is always a bad idea. Don’t do it — it’s unethical and potentially self-destructive. Employers won’t hesitate to show employees the door when they learn their résumé is more fiction than fact. But even less brazen forms of dishonesty should stay far from your résumé. For example, if you were one of six members of a team of managers with equal rank and responsibility, don’t say you "Served as lead of six-member management team
7. Focus on the employer. No matter how tempting, don’t get too carried away pointing out your brilliant accomplishments. Remember that the bottom line is convincing the employer that your real concern is helping them. Use your résumé to shown them you are a team-playing, organization-oriented individual. For example, always make clear how an achievement benefited the organization you worked for, and if appropriate to your background, be sure to salt your résumé with good cooperation-laden verbs like assist, contribute, support, or provide.
8. Be strategically creative. No, we don’t mean using DayGlo ink or faux marble résumé paper. We do mean bringing to the preparation of your résumé the same capacity for thinking outside the box that you bring to your career. For example, if the traditional chronological résumé will bury your best material near the bottom, consider using a "functional" résumé format or even a combination of the chronological and the functional. Similarly, if you paid for your entire college education, add a line mentioning this in your résumé’s education section. Want to let the employer know that you’re from a minority group without committing the no-no of adding a personal data section? Add a memberships section to your résumé and include the name of community organizations (for example, "South Asian Business Alliance of Ohio") you belong to so employers know what groups you identify with.
9. Use design elements to enhance your résumé. The skillful use of understated design elements can result in an eye-catching résumé that projects a sophisticated, successful image. These elements can be uncomplicated, such as using white space generously or replacing the traditional round bullet with the less common diamond- and arrow-shaped bullet. Or they can be more complex, such as using expanded text (kerning) to highlight a key term or enclosing the professional profile section of your résumé in a shaded box. Naturally, applicants for positions in management or traditional industries will want to stick with conservative typefaces and avoid "flashy" visual elements.
作者：Anonymous 在 众议院 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
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