xilihutu
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加入时间: 2007/03/29
文章: 9279
来自: 美国
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作者：xilihutu 在 驴鸣镇 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
Transcript
NARRATOR: For 40 years, Russia's role in Korea remained a secret. Now, one of the Soviets' top aces, Sergei Kramarenko, can finally talk about his exploits in MiG Alley.
SERGEI KRAMARENKO: (Russian dialogue)
INTERPRETER: It was a secret mission, neither before nor after the war were we allowed to reveal that we were going to fly for the North Koreans...against the Americans. It was top secret.
SERGEI KRAMARENKO: (Russian dialogue)
INTERPRETER: We were told that in case we were shot down beyond the front line we had to kill ourselves. Not to surrender was in the interests of the State.
SERGEI KRAMARENKO: (Russian dialogue)
INTERPRETER: Of keeping the military secret.
NARRATOR: If word got out of their involvement, the Russians feared the Korean conflict might trigger World War Three. But then, this was not a secret easily kept.
COL. BUD MAHURIN: I had a friend that was over there fighting and he shot at a MiG and, and the MiG pilot bailed out and when he was down he was floating in his parachute and my friend went by him in his airplane and the guy was coming down with a red beard, he shook his fist at my guy as he went by, so it was obviously that he was Caucasian. So when I got permission to go to one of our heavy radar sites, there was a transmission coming that was being relayed to us from people that spoke Russian and could hear the Russian transmissions from Northern Manchuria. So we were obviously involved with Russian combat pilots.
NARRATOR: And yet, while the pilots knew who they were up against, the American public did not. Both sides, Western and Communist, kept the secret.
Colonel Orlov was a Soviet intelligence officer in North Korea.
COLONEL ORLOV: (Russian dialogue)
INTERPRETER: It was kept from the American public in case they demanded action against the Soviet Union. By this time Russia had atomic bomb and neither Washington nor Moscow wanted to risk full-scale nuclear war.
NARRATOR: Whenever veteran Soviet and American pilots squared off, the playing field was levelled. Each took advantage of the two planes' strengths and weaknesses.
RALPH WETTERHAHN: It's like two professional athletes looking for the edge. When you have two very similar aircraft, what the pilot needs to do is take advantage of whatever small advantage you might have.
NARRATOR: The MiG had more powerful weaponry. Because of its lighter load, it could climb faster and higher.
But the Sabre had more fuel capacity, could fly with greater control, and – most important – was more user-friendly for the pilot.
DICK HALLION: The F86 pilot sat in a heated, relatively comfortable, relatively spacious cockpit under a beautiful bubble canopy that gave him superb visibility in all directions. The MiG-15 pilot sat in a much more constrained, cramped, cold environment; much more uncomfortable.
NARRATOR: At stake was more than just a comfortable ride. At close to the speed of sound, the body gets slammed.
At each burst of thrust, in a turn or when accelerating, a pilot must fight against the force of gravity, or g's. His bloodstream can literally get cinched off, putting him at risk of blacking out.
RALPH WETTERHAHN: You are under g's so the body weighs 600, 700, 800 pounds. The blood is draining from your eyes. You are getting tunnel vision. You are having to deal with an oxygen mask and all those accoutrements around your body and people are shooting at you.
NARRATOR: The remedy: a stroke of American ingenuity.
RALPH WETTERHAHN: The g-suit is connected by this hose to a fitting in the cockpit and compressed air is blown through this tube into the suit. The bladders inflate and squeeze tight against those body parts, restricting the flow of blood to the lower extremities. That allows extra blood to reach the brain and the eyes. So that a pilot wearing a g-suit can pull approximately one additional g for a long period of time over a pilot who does not have a g-suit. That's a tremendous advantage in a swirling, turning dog fight between the MiG-15 and the Sabre jet.
NARRATOR: Add to that another advantage: tactics.
DICK HALLION: The tactical formation of Sabres was based around the leader and the wingman.
Basically the leader and the wing man operating off his wing as an extra pair of eyes to look out and protect the leader while the leader engages in combat against the foe. If we put another element with that, now we have the finger of four, we have a group of four. What this meant was that we had a very fluid formation here that if bounced could break into two elements of two and you would still not break that inviolate bond between the leader and the wing man as they prosecute air combat against the foe.
NARRATOR: American pilots had to make their own decisions in combat. But the Soviets were directed from bases on the ground, known as "Ground Control Intercepts."
DICK HALLION: Ground Control Interception Officers would position the MiGs so that they would fly across the Yalu at very high altitude and high speed just at the point where Sabre pilots, having made a routine patrol, were getting very low on fuel. The MiGs would dive down on the Sabres from high altitude, make a single pass through their formation and then blast back toward the Yalu to try and get into North Korea again before the Sabres could follow after them.
JOHN LOWERY: If there were no, no MiGs flying we'd, we'd patrol up and down the Yalu River and then as we called "Bingo," meaning "minimum fuel to get back home," we'd turn to leave. The MiGs sometimes would come up and then try to engage us when we were leaving.
NARRATOR: Low on fuel, the Sabres were easy targets. The only way to escape was to dive – at close to the speed of sound.
JOHN LOWERY: I'll never forget, my flight leader was physically shooting at a MiG when another MiG came out on me, and that was the first time I'd been shot at. He had about 12 foot of flames coming out of that 37 millimetre cannon, and I saw the red balls going by. The rule that we were taught was "you don't dogfight with ‘em when they have the advantage, you just go ahead and dive and lose ‘em."
NARRATOR: For a MiG pilot to follow was a risky proposition. In a high-speed plunge, his jet became unstable. But why could the Sabre maintain control at speeds MiGs couldn't handle?
The Soviets were determined to find the Answer – by capturing and interrogating Sabre pilots.
里面有说:米格先是由地面雷达找目标，然后指示飞行员去战斗。
作者：xilihutu 在 驴鸣镇 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
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