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 [画说日本] 形而上学 vs 金次郎上学 |
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是不是我又得给自己发一黄牌啊？不过你对“形而上学的广义就是哲学”的驳斥已经被你自己的胡哥来的定义推翻了，似乎也该来一黄牌 -- 芦笛 - (0 Byte) 2008-8-06 周三, 下午11:53 (223 reads) |
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作者：芦笛 在 驴鸣镇 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy investigating principles of reality transcending those of any particular science. Cosmology and ontology are traditional branches of metaphysics. It is concerned with explaining the ultimate nature of being and the world.[1]
The word derives from the Greek words μετά (metá) (meaning "beyond") and φυσικά (physiká) (meaning "physical"), "physical" referring to those works on matter by Aristotle in antiquity. The prefix meta- ("beyond") was attached to the chapters in Aristotle's work that physically followed after the chapters on "physics", in posthumously edited collections. Aristotle called some of the subjects treated there "first philosophy"
A central branch of metaphysics is ontology, the investigation into what types of things there are in the world and what relations these things bear to one another. The metaphysician also attempts to clarify the notions by which people understand the world, including existence, objecthood, property, space, time, causality, and possibility.
More recently, the term "metaphysics" has also been employed by non-philosophers to refer to "subjects that are beyond the physical world". A "metaphysical bookstore", for instance, is not one that sells books on ontology, but rather one that sells esoteric books on spirits, faith healing, crystal power, occultism, and other such topics which the philosophic pursuit of metaphysics generally does not include.
Before the development of modern science, scientific questions were addressed as a part of metaphysics known as "natural philosophy"; the term "science" itself meant "knowledge". The scientific method, however, made natural philosophy an empirical and experimental activity unlike the rest of philosophy, and by the end of the eighteenth century it had begun to be called "science" in order to distinguish it from philosophy. Thereafter, metaphysics became the philosophical enquiry of a non-empirical character into the nature of existence. Thus the original situation of metaphysics being integral with (Aristotelian) physics and science, has, in the West, become reversed so that scientists generally consider metaphysics antithetical to the empirical sciences.
你这家伙专靠使用胡哥跟人争论不说，而且就连对胡哥的依赖也竟然如此“经济高效”，当真该挨两块黄牌
作者：芦笛 在 驴鸣镇 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
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