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 ZT： 对宗教信仰的重大挑战 -- 科学家找到人类“灵魂细胞” |
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还没到4月1日，请问你这ZT出自哪？ -- 2u2m - (42 Byte) 2003-3-11 周二, 上午1:54 (82 reads) |
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作者：Anonymous 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
Science claims to explain soul
From The Sunday Times
March 10, 2003
THE joint discoverer of DNA's double helix has published research that explains the human soul and attributes consciousness to a set of neurones in the brain.
Francis Crick claims he and his co-researchers have found the group of cells responsible for generating consciousness and an individual sense of self.
The announcement, in the journal Nature Neuroscience, comes amid the build-up to next month's 50th anniversary celebrations of the discovery of the double helix by Crick and James Watson, for which they won the Nobel prize.
Their discovery, that the blueprint for life and evolution lay in a simple molecule, is still seen as a threat to religion by groups such as creationists.
If proven, Crick's new claim would represent another triumph for science over religion. The apparent inability of science to explain where humans get their sense of self-awareness has long been used by religious leaders as evidence of a human soul.
For Crick, this is the culmination of years of research into consciousness, much of which has been targeted at disproving the notion of a soul.
He once said: "The scientific belief is that our minds the behaviour of our brains can be explained entirely by the interactions of nerve cells."
Crick's new research indicates he has proved his case. The paper is based on years of experiments, including studies of patients with brain injuries, tests on animals and psychological research. Some of the most valuable data came from the therapeutic use of tiny probes put into the brains of people suffering from epilepsy.
The paper describes how different parts of the brain mesh together to generate consciousness. "For the first time we have a coherent scheme for the neural correlates of consciousness in philosophical, psychological and neural terms," it says. "Actual consciousness may be expressed by only a small set of neurones, in particular those that project from the back of the cortex to parts of the frontal cortex."
Christof Koch, professor of neuroscience at California Institute of Technology, who co-wrote the Crick paper, said: "It is clear consciousness arises from biochemical reactions within the brain."
Some see Crick's attack on the soul as part of a wider attempt by scientists to undermine the fundamental beliefs of most major religions.
The Reverend Michael Reiss, professor of science education at the University of London, who is both a priest and a scientist, said Crick had only discovered the neuronal components of consciousness.
"It's like saying a cathedral is a pile of stones and glass," he said. "It is true, but too simplistic, and it misses the point."
However, Colin Blakemore, professor of neuroscience at Oxford University, supported Crick's belief that consciousness arises from biochemical reactions.
"Science and religion conflict because they both try to explain the physical world," he said. "But most religions suggest there is some grand intention and there is no evidence for that. Religion is an untestable hypothesis."
Crick, who at 86 will discover the truth of his theories sooner than most other scientists, has said that one day humanity will come to accept that the concept of a soul and the promise of eternal life are deceptions just as they now accept that the earth is not flat.
作者：Anonymous 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
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