昭昭若昏
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加入时间: 2005/03/30
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作者：昭昭若昏 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
《谋攻》
孙子曰：
夫用兵之法，全国为上，破国次之；全军为上，破军次之；全旅为上，破旅次
之；全卒为上，破卒次之；全伍为上，破伍次之。
是故百战百胜，非善之善也；不战而屈人之兵，善之善者也。故上兵伐谋，其
次伐交，其次伐兵，其下攻城。攻城之法，为不得已。修橹□①□②，具器械，三
月而后成；距堙，又三月而后已。将不胜其忿而蚁附之，杀士卒三分之一，而城不
拔者，此攻之灾也。故善用兵者，屈人之兵而非战也，拔人之城而非攻也，毁人之
国而非久也，必以全争于天下，故兵不顿而利可全，此谋攻之法也。
故用兵之法，十则围之，五则攻之，倍则分之，敌则能战之，少则能逃之，不
若则能避之。故小敌之坚，大敌之擒也。
夫将者，国之辅也。辅周则国必强，辅隙则国必弱。故君之所以患于军者三：
不知军之不可以进而谓之进，不知军之不可以退而谓之退，是谓縻军；不知三军之
事而同三军之政，则军士惑矣；不知三军之权而同三军之任，则军士疑矣。三军既
惑且疑，则诸侯之难至矣。是谓乱军引胜。
故知胜有五：知可以战与不可以战者胜，识众寡之用者胜，上下同欲者胜，以
虞待不虞者胜，将能而君不御者胜。此五者，知胜之道也。故曰：知己知彼，百战
不贻；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼不知己，每战必败。
Chapter Three: Planning Attacks
Sun-tzu said:
Generally in warfare, keeping a nation intact is best, destroying a nation second best;
keeping an army intact is best, destroying an army second best;
keeping a battalion intact is best, destroying a battalion second best;
keeping a company intact is best, destroying a company second best;
keeping a squad intact is best, destroying a squad second best. ?
Therefore, to gain a hundred victories in a hundred battles is not the highest excellence;
to subjugate the enemy's army without doing battle is the highest of excellence. ?
Therefore, the best warfare strategy is to attack the enemy's plans, next is to attack alliances, next is to attack the army, and the worst is to attack a walled city. ?
Laying siege to a city is only done when other options are not available. ?
To build large protective shields, armored wagons, and make ready the necessary arms and equipment will require at least three months. ?
To build earthen mounds against the walls will require another three months. ?
If the general cannot control his temper and sends troops to swarm the walls, one third of them will be killed, and the city will still not be taken.
This is the kind of calamity when laying siege to a walled city. ?
Therefore, one who is skilled in warfare principles subdues the enemy without doing battle, takes the enemy's walled city without attacking, and overthrows the enemy quickly, without protracted warfare. ?
His aim must be to take All-Under-Heaven intact. ?
Therefore, weapons will not be blunted, and gains will be intact.
These are the principles of planning attacks. ?
Generally in warfare:
If ten times the enemy's strength, surround them;
if five times, attack them;
if double, divide them;
if equal, be able to fight them;
if fewer, be able to evade them;
if weaker, be able to avoid them. ?
Therefore, a smaller army that is inflexible will be captured by a larger one. ?
A general is the safeguard of the nation.
When this support is in place, the nation will certainly be strong.
When this support is not in place, the nation will certainly not be strong. ?
There are three ways the ruler can bring difficulty to the army:
To order an advance when not realizing the army is in no position to advance, or to order a withdrawal when not realizing the army is in no position to withdraw.
This is called entangling the army. ?
By not knowing the army's matters, and administering the army the same as administering civil matters, the officers and troops will be confused. ?
By not knowing the army's calculations, and taking command of the army, the officers and troops will be hesitant. ?
When the army is confused and hesitant, the neighboring rulers will take advantage.
This is called a confused and hesitant army leading another to victory. ?
Therefore, there are five factors of knowing who will win:
One who knows when he can fight, and when he cannot fight, will be victorious; ?
one who knows how to use both large and small forces will be victorious; ?
one who knows how to unite upper and lower ranks in purpose will be victorious; ?
one who is prepared and waits for the unprepared will be victorious; ?
one whose general is able and is not interfered by the ruler will be victorious.
These five factors are the way to know who will win.
Therefore I say: ?
One who knows the enemy and knows himself will not be in danger in a hundred battles. ?
One who does not know the enemy but knows himself will sometimes win, sometimes lose.
One who does not know the enemy and does not know himself will be in danger in every battle. ?
作者：昭昭若昏 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
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孙子兵法第三篇《谋攻》的中英文的对照，怎么看英文版都是个四不像
