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 ZT:阐述语言和思维关系的著名Sapir-Whorf假说 |
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作者：Anonymous 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has changed the way many people look at the relationship between language, thought and cultural perception of reality. It has influenced many scholars and opened up large areas of study. While many like Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf support the notion that language strongly influences thought and others argue that language does not influence thought, the evidence from research indicates that language does influence thought and perception of reality to a degree.（"Sapir-Whorf 假说"改变了很多人对语言、思想、以及文化世界观之间联系的认识。这个假说影响了很多学者，并展开了一个全新的研究领域。尽管他们支持自己的语言影响思维的假说，也有人对此持有争议，认为语言并不影响思维，近期的研究证明语言确实在某种程度上影响人们的思维和世界观。）
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis（Sapir-Whorf 假说）:
"Human beings do not live in the objective world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the 'real world' is to a large extent unconsciously built upon the language habits of the group. No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels attached... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation."（人类并不仅仅是活在客观世界中的，也不象通常人们以为的那样仅仅活在各种社会活动，而是活在由某种特定的语言所圈定或表达的社会中。很难想象一个人可以不经过使用语言就融入现实中，而语言在这个过程中不过仅仅是解决某个特定交流或表达问题的一种手段。事实是，我们所说的“真实世界”在很大程度上不过是建立在一个群体的语言习惯之上的，而我们对此并无自觉。世界上没有任何两种语言可以足够相近，以至于可以认为它们表达了同一个社会现实。不同人群所生活的世界是彼此非常不同的，它们并不是被帖了不同标签的同一个世界。我们之所以如此所闻所见，以及我们如此去切身体验，皆因我们社会的语言习惯预先塑造了我们的世界观。）
作者：Anonymous 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
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