资料
[个人文集]
加入时间: 2004/02/14
文章: 1129
经验值: 5282
|
|
|
作者：资料 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001.
concentration camp
a detention site outside the normal prison system created for military or political purposes to
confine, terrorize, and, in some cases, kill civilians. First used by the British in the South African
War (Boer War) to confine Afrikaners in the Transvaal and Cape Colony (1899?902). In the
USSR, the gulag elaborated on the concept beginning as early as 1922; after 1928 millions of
opponents of collectivization were imprisoned. During World War II concentration camps were
established throughout Europe by the Nazis, and throughout Indochina and Manchuria by the
Japanese. Of the millions of people of many nationalities detained in them, a large proportion died
of mistreatment, malnutrition, and disease. The term has also been applied to the U.S. relocation
centers for American citizens of Japanese origin and others interned in the W United States during
World War II. In both Nazi and Japanese camps inmates were exploited for slave labor and
medical experimentation, but the Nazis also established extermination camps. In the best known of
these桵ajdanek, Treblinka, and Owicim (Auschwitz), in Poland梞ore than 6 million men,
women, and children (mostly Jews) were killed in gas chambers. Among the most notorious Nazi
camps liberated by U.S. and British troops in 1945 were Buchenwald, Dachau, and Belsen. In
China during the Cultural Revolution (1966?9) millions were sent to euphemistically named
搑eeducation?camps. In Cambodia after Pol Pot came to power (1976) an estimated 1 million
civilians died in 搑eeducation?camps. In 1992, reports of malnutrition and killings in concentration
camps for Muslim, Croat, and Serb male civilians in Bosnia led to attempts by international
organizations to identify the location of, and inspect, the camps.
作者：资料 在 罕见奇谈 发贴, 来自 http://www.hjclub.org |
|
|
集中营concentration camp
